Niccolo Machiavelli, The Prince (1532) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Niccolo Machiavelli, The Prince (1532) - Essay Example His arguments were not based on some empty theorizing or on some abstract ideas. This strategy proved efficient in making his readers to relate to the ideas in terms of their high sense of realism. The examples also enhanced the memory of the leaders as they could now convert them into other situations that related to the same ideas. It would be important to consider the fact that some of the issues that were brought about by Machiavelli derived from things and events that he had witnessed in real life. As such, his arguments were only condensed out of the political realities of the day and from facts he had deduced from historical records. Historical and contemporary examples offered his arguments some form of comparative advantage when perceived from the perspective of other competing perspectives that existed during that time. It is therefore necessary to appraise the work of Machiavelli as a derivative of historical realism. Machiavelli’s arguments could be considered in t erms of the various issues that relate to the discourse of real-politick. His arguments were diagnostic in the sense that they exposed the characteristic of leadership from the point of view of the existing monarchs in various parts of the world. Historians contend that much of Machiavelli’s arguments were based on the life and times of Cesare Borgia and King Ferdinand of Spain. Machiavelli’s insistence on his acquaintance of contemporary affairs and a continuous study of the ancient world was meant to illustrate the fact that his arguments had the backing of political realities across the historical times. It is important to consider the multiple historical and philosophical influences that weave into the thinking of Niccollo Machiavelli. For instance, his ideas were drawn out of the real-life experiences he had undergone, which he related to some of the dominant political forces that shaped the histories of the world. Reality, according to Machiavelli, is a social co nstruct. It is therefore important to consider the many issues that attend to the influences that shape and are in turn shaped by the politics of the day. As a result, Machiavelli is regarded as an honest interpreter of times and political realities particularly from a pragmatic point of view. He based his philosophy in the idea of the things that work. He sought to understand the reasons behind events and situations from the relationship between the means and the ends of such realities. As such, his insistence on knowledge of world affairs and the histories of great people was one of the illustrations of his tendency towards political realism. On this note, it becomes necessary to consider some of the influences and happenings that engaged his opinions from the perspective of experience and reality. Constraints of a Prince’s Freedom of Action Machiavelli cited virtue, righteousness, honesty, and integrity as some of the factors, which hamper a Prince’s freedom of acti on. According to Machiavelli, a Prince must adopt characters and personalities that will help retain him in power. The Prince, according to Machiavelli must engage in the habits of both a lion and a fox1. He must have the courage to fend off threats of the enemy and must have some cunning of a fox. Machiavelli recognizes the virtues of integrity and honesty as things that a Prince should only adopt for the purposes of enhancing his image, but not really to engage in them as aspects of his authentic character. Machiavelli argued that such habits

Cover letter Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 26

Cover letter - Essay Example Gaining education from some of the most reputable institutes in the world like the University of La Verne also enabled me expand my knowledge and concepts pertaining to marketing. Besides routine academic activities, my activities outside college premises have always focused on building healthy relationship with my community. To this effect, I volunteered in many game tournaments and also served as a host in many soccer tournaments. As far as my short-term and long-term goals are concerned, I have planned them according to my personal and professional interests. For example, my short-term goal is to earn a position in the marketing department. This will allow me to gain invaluable information about my field and grow intellectually. My long-term goal is to work for some high profile social or economic organization at an executive position. I believe that a position in the marketing department can become a valuable part of my educational and professional career because it will allow me to exercise the skills I have gained so far in my desired field of

What can literature, music, cinema, theatre or art bring to the study Essay

What can literature, music, cinema, theatre or art bring to the study of International Relations - Essay Example The field of International Relations (IR) is a body of knowledge that deals with political activities that are intertwined among various key state players. According to the research conducted by Polat (2012), through International Relations, individuals are able to comprehend the kind of relations that exist between various states. In this case, International Relations refers to the study of the interactions between the members of the field of International Relations, which are the nation states. International Relations can also be defined as the study that scrutinizes the relationships between countries and the responses displayed by these countries as a result of the interactions between the states. It would appear that no country can subsist on its own. In this case, it is imperative to appreciate the power relations between the nations in the International Relations. International Relations, according to Mandaville (2003), is a body of knowledge that highlights the factors that inspire the connection between the countries in the world. In simple terms, International Relations refers to an understanding of the interactions that are present between different countries in the International arena. This includes reviewing the flow of information from one country to another, the manner of responses by each party, and the outcomes that spring from the entire relations process. These implications vary from political, social and economic implications.

An environment analysis for Apple Inc

An environment analysis for Apple Inc Apple consists of significant resources and considerable potential in the business world. Even though it consists of such capabilities there occur various trends in the general environment that causes the threats which pull down the progress and success of the firm. These threats can be marginalised only with the help of appropriate planning and suitable action which concentrates more on the value added core competencies in the business. This may lead the company to produce valuable products and services leads to a mounting opportunity for the shareholders and customers. Economic Environment Booming Global Economy On revising the past years of global economy the world has attained the complete progress from recession in recent years. This uncertainty makes people looming of the money. This makes people to depart from the quality to less expensive products. The Apple known for its brand, quality, Innovative technology and luxury has mislaid due to its supreme pricing position paves the way for its competitors the producers of less expensive products. However the consumers attracted more towards the valuable Apples premium products during the economic upturn than its low pricing competitors. Chinese Economy: Recent growth in Chinese economy catches the attention of several companies to sell their products in china. Due to the growth of the Increasing economy proportionally there is also increase in the labour wages. This may results the buying power which makes people to draw more attention towards the Innovative products such as Apple i phone and i pad. Political Environment Potential world-wide climate regulation One among the serious threat to the potential environment is the global warming. Several steps have been implemented in reducing the global warming. The Copenhagen conference has been suggested norms to the companies for the low co2 emission products which may lead to strictly controlled environment. Thus in order to manufacture the less emission the Apple must transmits its products. Suppliers of the apple should have the provision to produce the low emission products or it has to switch to the other suppliers. This may lead to higher switching costs between the suppliers and bring changes to the margin of the products when the manufacturing costs getting higher. Import taxes and duties China poses superior government policies and low manufacturing costs in order to attract the more investors. These factors made Apple to manufacture its products in the various parts of the China. Even though Apple manufacturing lies in china the good market is positioned only in the countries like United States and the parts of Europe even though it has to offer more import duties. According to the current tax report produced by the Apple it pays around 32% of rate of tax in the year 2010. Socio cultural Environment Increasing desire for Wireless devices Apple plays at the front position of the wireless transition. As there is a remarkable increase in the value of the Internet and the wireless connectivity creates a powerful demand comparatively to the other devices. This is due to its portability and accessibility everywhere makes these rapid speed wireless technologies valuable. The devices such as the portable includes the Smart phones and the tablet computers wireless-connected devices allows its user to perform several operation by the use of internet in the constant and secured manner as wherever they go. As these devices is highly received by the people than the traditional computers such as PC or laptops. This technology has been developed widespread by Apple and its competitive manufacturers such as Google. This technology has been faced al lot of relevance as all these manufacturers focussed on the consumers preference. Among them the Apple differs by its Innovative technology according to the recent technological landscape . Apple spends its extensive investment in the field of research and innovative development for the creation of highly well-liked devices such as the iPhone and i-Pad. . Technological Environment The world has been going behind the analogue music system Apple made a revolution through its innovation of iPod. This made a impulsive progress in the revenue of the Apple. Due its consecutive pioneering researches resulted in the creation of iPhone. Even though the Apple is younger in the mobile phone industry comparing the Giants like Nokia, HTC and Blackberry it poses a radical technology. To withstands its market Apple has been spend 3.1 % of its net sales i.e. almost $ 1,333 million for the Research and Development (apple). The worlds ongoing mobile technology is landed in 3G manufacturing technology. But Apple is been ahead of them by launching its 4G due to the supremacy of the Apples RD. This makes the Apple withstand as a leader in its high innovation and portability. Competitive Environment Analysis Rivalry between Competitors Technological growth has put forth the electronic industry ahead as it leads to lot of manufacturers. Due the entry of electronic industry in everyday life the PCs, mobile phones and laptops has become a commodity product into the peoples life. Most users prefer the business cost than that of the performance of the devices. This may resulted in the various levels of provider strategies. The providers who provides at low price may not be able to satisfy the users with the best features. Whereas the providers such as Hp, Dell, Samsung and Sony Ericson offers the customers a wide range of options for the varying prices. Apple differs from those of the Providers as they provide a High Quality and High Cost products but without the diverse models. For example Apple consists of Single model iPhone varying only in its memory and its cost whereas the Samsung may vary its product options from the variable technology by varying its costs from 4Â £-400Â £. Supplier Power Suppliers are those who pose the entire control in manufacturing of computers as Apples Mac book or the mobile phones. Apple Suppliers also embark on the special responsibility for producing the best inputs which is the most challenging for its competitors. In the computer manufacturing industry Intel and Advanced Micro devices (AMD) are the two suppliers of the processors. Both of the chips have their own unified motherboard. They are incompatible with one another as they cannot be swapped with the other parts of the device. If Apple has to switch their processor it is also essential to modify their motherboards too resulting in high switching costs. This may results in high supplier power as the company has to rely on them. Buyer Power Almost all the industry consists of buyers who have high influence on thier manufacturers. Each buyer has their own choice of the product needs. This leads the company to launch the wide variety of products into the market. Thus power of the buyers has influences on the bargaining in the Quality, Price, and the Service. Apple exclusive products such as IMac and IBook are unique from its competitors in features of higly technological operation system, innovative functionality and brand value attracts the customers by avoiding them to switch to its competitors. Even though it has attracted the customers through its functionality there arose a chance to switch to its competitors if there is no product differentiation. Threat of new entrants Every business has own threat of new entrants. The field of Computer market have the highest possibility of new entrants. The portable pcs market is widespread effortlessly paves the way for the new entrants. Despite the possibilities it also consists of several hindrances from its successful entrants. Apple have been deep rooted in field of computers and mobile products by its substantial recognition, own innovative technology and royalty among the other manufacturers. It has been a high challenging to the entrants in order to make its brand successful and stable in the competitive market. Apple maintains their price of the products based on the economies of scale which is not possible by the new entrants without the huge investment. Even though it has the high possibilities of hindrances to entry it consists of some successful possibilities of entry which can be listed as follows. 1. There is a chance of suppliers to enter the field of manufacturing 2. A well established giants of some other field of computer can also deep routed in this field as they have a well established familiarisation in the market. Threat of substitutes Recent Development of the technology makes the computing products handy. As every features and functionality of the computers has been substitute by the tablet pcs or smart phones. Time has changed where the users rely on the stable pc but now it has been grown substantially the computers are back behind the users and posses wide variety of application than pcs by means of wireless internet technology. This occurs in the case of Apple as due to the entry of the Smart phones the buyers of Mac pc are apparently reduced. Thus these show the change for substitutes of the consumers. Considerably Apple has been analysed all these cases and introduced the iPhone and iPad to satisfy its consumers who are in search of substitutes to a new technology. Value added core competencies Value added core competencies of Apple includes its highly Innovative ideas, featured design, well known brand, and critical creativity as all these united to make the company a most competitive advantage among its competitors. Thus Apple has almost set all these strategies to the company in order to withstand its high position in the competitive market. Risks of the apple have been initiated with its supplier and foreign factories. Apple has its own guidelines for its suppliers in manufacturing its product they dont have the direct control of their suppliers. The suppliers derived their profits based on the high volume low margin. Thus in order to increase the profit the suppliers produces the goods by low quality raw materials. As a result of this the quality of the Apple products has been diminished. Thus in order to rectify these defects Apple have been undergone the mutual understanding of its suppliers to retain its quality Administration Eco- Friendly Apple Apple has always been intense on the environment factors in its manufacturing. Apple has been taken several steps to avoid the usage of harmful chemicals in manufacturing of its product. Shipment of the products plays a vital role in emitting combustion during its transportation. Thus in order to reduce the emission of Co2 Apple considers the portable packaging result in the less transportation and less combustion. Strong cash position Apple has less long term debits and run its business efficiently without the financial intervention by means of its own cash. The financial status of Apple helps its business to run efficiently as it may not depend on any of the creditors in terms of the decision making such as the financial capital purchases, decision on expansion. Human resource management Hiring process Apple recruits its employee by means of Selective hiring. It highly picks up the persons based on their innovative skills and high creative skills rather than by recruiting process. It focuses more on the well experienced professionals and innovative freshers rather by trainees. Employ benefits and appraisals Apple places a leading role in motivating its employees by means of high benefits and appraisals. It possesses a high role in the employee satisfaction. The benefitted employees provide full support and dedication to the company by means of their highly innovative ideas. Technological Development Research and Development Apple believes the research and development is one of the key factors of the success of its organisation. As it believes analysis on various factors determines the current requirement of the product have been pushed towards the new innovative product which paves a way for non competitive industry. It has been estimated that Apple spends around $1.3 million for its research and development. Procurement Relationship with suppliers Apple has maintained the good relationship with its suppliers. As it manufacturing its product based on the low cost and high quality. Despite it sets the high marginal cost for its product whereas in turn it spends its profit for the research and development. It also concurrently updates about its new technology to its suppliers by means of short courses and practical classes. Inbound Logistics Apple maintains a highly automated system for placing goods. The stock has been ordered to its suppliers in JIT process i.e. Just in Time when there is an reduction of the stocks it will be ordered automatically to its suppliers this may helps in avoiding the overstocks. Thus it hoard the cost spend for the stock management system. Operations Design of the product is been implemented by the Apple and hence it outsources its production to several factories in china by implementing its design. This may results in the reduction of risk factors as it is apart from its firm. Thus it modifies its management and Economy scale according to its outsourcing. Outbound Logistics Apple has its production department in china whereas the goods have been transferred to various countries from china rather than bringing to US the head office of the Apple. This may leads to the reduction of shipment cost and the warehousing cost. Marketing and Sales Apple uses the television advertisements as their marketing strategy by comparing its features and functionality of the product towards its competitive products. It also brings its own marketing strategy by means of the customer attraction towards the product. Apple discloses the new launch of the product which in turn acts as an indirect marketing which pulls the customers to know about its launched products. Service Apple genius is a person acts as a tech assistant in considering the consumers problem and rectify them. Apple provides a extended warranty to their customers within 90 days of product shipment also poses an opportunity of replacement within the given time. Limitations Recommendations Conclusions Value chain analysis Recommendation 1. licencing of MAC software to other PC makers 2. Increase entertainment diet so that the acceptance of the apple product more among the customers 3. increase retail presence in developing economies 4. increase customer service capabilities 1. even though apple spending ore rD nw it has design related antenna proble in iphone 4

An Enemy of the People by Henrik Ibsen Essay -- Enemy People Henrik Ib

An Enemy of the People by Henrik Ibsen An Enemy of the People deals with the extent to which individual desires and beliefs are compromised by society. In particular, the play focuses on the ways in which an individual can be ostracized by the society he is trying to help. One primary message of the play is that the individual, who stands alone, is more often "right" than the mass of people, who are portrayed as ignorant and sheeplike. Isben who turned atheist during his encounter with Georg Brandes, presents many Christian values in ‘An enemy of the people’, and religious references. Both Dr. Stockmann and Mrs. Stockmann reveal signs of religious references and show Christian values. We learn that Dr. Stockmann has strong moral values when it comes to honesty and truth. From the following we can tell that he believes that the truth should not be hidden from anyone let alone the community, and that the truth shall prevail in the end. ‘I should think he would be very glad that such an important truth has been brought to light’. We can also see that the truth is a very important part of Dr. Stockmann’s life, and that the truth is what rightly should be stood up for, as he says, ‘In god’s name, what else do you suppose I should do but take my stand on right and truth?’ and the ‘truth and the people will win the fight you may be certain!’. Apart from sticking up for the truth he also believes in sticking up for what he believes in which is a strong Christian value. You can almost compare Jesus Christ to Dr. Stockmann as both stands up for what they believe are the truth and what they believe in. Just as Jesus preached to people to back his side, Dr Stockmann does the same. ‘If I can’t hire a hall, I shall... ... don’t know; but I don’t like it. We also see many religious expressions made by her, such as ‘good heavens’, or Good lord help us’. She also makes reference to God when speaking to Dr. Stockmann., ‘I don’t know anything about it but God preserve us. Apart from Mrs. Stockmann and Dr Stockmann showing some religious reference we see Petra reveal that hard work is also presented as a good Christian value. ‘Yes – but that is good. One is so delightfully tired after it’. In the end we see similarities in both Jesus and Dr. Stockman that they both struggle to get the truth out to people, and that both are seen as enemies although they are in fact people doing right for others. Dr Stockmann does stand alone in the end but he was the one in the right, and stood up to his believes, and in his mind, ‘the strongest man in the world is he who stands most alone’.

The Outlaw Josey Wales :: essays papers

The Outlaw Josey Wales Dyin' ain't much of a living The movie, The Outlaw Josey Wales, is an epic tale of a man who lost all that mattered and now seeks revenge on the people that took it. The movie can be viewed as a typical revenge story, however it works at other levels too. After having his first family taken, he searches for something to offer him that comfort again. Josey Wales, the main character travels through the epic cycle of losing everything, but at the end gaining it all back in another form. In the beginning of the movie we are throw into a horrible scene where renegade Union soldiers kill Wales family and burn down his house. Obviously this is symbolic of his death as a farmer and his current life. We then see him sifting through the charred remains of his house, and lift a silver colored gun out of the black ashes. At this point he is reborn as a vengeful Josey Wales from the ashes of hatred and death. For now his sole purpose in living is to seek revenge on the people that took his pervious life away from him. Josey still needs a sense of unity, which a family brings. Jamie provided him this feeling of wholeness. However Jamie was shot, and slowly died. Ultimately his death brings Josey back to the beginning of his epic cycle. The period that Josey spends in the wilderness after losing his families is serves as the unconscious part of the cycle. During the dark phase is when most of the fighting occurs. Josey never killed without reason, and for that he kept the image of the hero intact. Laura Lee serves as the goddess in the epic cycle. Laura is what Josey needs to complete his search for family. By spending the night together, his past is cleaned from his mind. Laura also instills hope and a new credence. By the end of the movie Josey has found a new family. The fact he did not spit on the floor of the house displays that he respects it as a dwelling place for his new family.

European Handball

European Handball – goal shooting European handball is a unique, high intensity sport which is best described as a combination of netball, soccer and basketball. Two teams with seven players per side verse each other. In order to earn points, the handball must be thrown into the goals; this demonstrates the skill of goal shooting which will be the main focus of this report. Characteristics of basketball are seen in the rule that the player must bounce the ball while running.Defending is a common action in any sport and is seen in European Handball; the team without possession of the ball may attempt to stop the other team from scoring by blocking the path of the player with possession. During the game, the ball is passed around in the style of netball. The sport involves a combination of multiple sports such as soccer (goals), netball (passing) and basketball (court size, bouncing, dribbling) which makes it different to any other sport thus people are intrigued to play and tho roughly enjoy it. Explanation of the skillGoal shooting is just like a pass but with more power. The ball must be thrown into the goals. A common technique performed when shooting a goal is the jump shot. The jump shot is where the player is in the air when the shot is made; by doing this the shot is more powerful and more effective. Explanation of the drills 1) The first drill that we will be teaching students in our training session aims to practice the jump shot as it is the most effective way of shooting a goal. For the most effective goal shot, right handed players should push off from and land on their left foot and vice versa.When they are suspended in the air, their body should be stretched with their throwing shoulder back and then the ball should be thrown from the highest point of the jump for maximum effectiveness of the shot at goals. 2) The second drill we will be teaching in our training session aims to practice passing and shooting under pressure through the use of a goalie. Students will get in groups of three and two of them will pass the ball between each other and take shots at goal with a goalie trying to stop them from scoring. To pass the ball students are to use their preferred arm, xtend it behind their head and with force throw overarm to the other player. The goal keeper’s aim is to defend the goals and position them self correctly so any incoming shots can be stopped. They will all stand equal distance apart in a triangular formation. Each student will rotate position until everyone has had a turn at passing and being goalie. This will improve everyone’s passing and defending skills. Actions and strategies that contribute to enjoyable participation There are many strategies that can be used and actions that can be taken to make participation more enjoyable.Offering rewards have proven to be an effective strategy used in many sports all around the world. Rewards come in many shapes and forms to appeal to a wide range of participants such as money, various prizes and awards including certificates, medals and trophies. As well as physical rewards to acknowledge achievement, there are many actions that can be performed to encourage enjoyable participation. Praising good behaviour and recognising an athlete’s achievements is incredibly effective in increasing the enjoyment during participation in a sport.Offering your congratulations by shaking their hand, giving them a pat on the back or simply telling them they’ve done a good job can motivate the player and help them to enjoy the sport more. These actions and strategies not only make players enjoy participating but also show aspects of a good coach. Organisations of activities The training session will be made up of various activities and demonstrations and will go for approximately 10 minutes. Warm Up – We will begin with a warm up which will consist of a short run and stretches.We will demonstrate appropriate stretches which t he students will then complete. First stretching the calf and leg muscles with lunges and swinging legs; then stretching the arm muscles with a shoulder shrug, arm across body, swinging arms, and breathing exercises. This will help get their body and mind ready for the activities. The warm up should run for approximately two minutes. Demonstration and Explanation – We will then give a thorough explanation of the skill, explaining how the skill is preformed and techniques students should use to increase their chances of success.A demonstration of the skill and both drills will then be performed so that students can visibly see what it should look like and get an understanding of how to do it. This explanation and demonstration should go for approximately two to three minutes. Drill One – The students will then perform the drills. Students will form a line and one by one attempt the jump goal shot. We will check that they’re doing it correctly and offer advice to players on how they can improve. This drill requires the goals, cones, ball and the rope and should run for approximately two to three minutes Drill Two –We will then start the second drill. Students are to form groups of threes and go to their own set of goals. The group will have to decide on a defender and two shooters. Students will perform the drill once and we will check that all students are doing it correctly. The players will then rotate positions until everyone has had a go. We will continue giving advice and helping students who are struggling or confused, and will motivate and praise all students. This drill requires goals, cones and balls and should go for two to three minutes Warm Down/ Cool down –The warm down will consist of a slow stretches and various breathing exercises to relax the body and muscles. This will reduce the risk of injuries and sore muscles. Safety measures The safety of all students is the most important. All students are required to f ollow certain rules and instructions so that their safety is not a risk. Warms Ups and Warms Downs – At the beginning and end of our training session we will get all students to complete a range of stretches. Warm ups are essential as they help assist your circulatory system in pumping blood to your working muscles.The purpose is to steadily increase circulation throughout the body. A correct warm up safely prepares the body for movement and exercise. Cold muscles which have not been properly warmed up are more susceptible to injury. Warm downs relax your muscles and allow your heart rate to slowly return back to normal. Pay attention to demonstrations/ listen to instructions – All students need to pay close attention to the demonstrations and listen when we’re explaining the skills so that they know exactly what to do.If students are not paying attention and then try to perform the skill they could ruin equipment, hurt them self and hurt other students around t hem. Correct/Appropriate Equipment – European handball requires a specific ball. The ball is not allowed to have a shiny or slippery surface as the player needs to be able to grip the ball to throw a powerful pass. If an incorrect ball is used the players will find it hard to grip onto the ball and throw a powerful pass, and the ball would also be dropped a lot which could result in another player tripping over it and injuring themself.No contacting or unnecessary rough play – European handball is a fast paced sport but it is contact free. Players are not allowed to contact one another deliberately. Any student who is acting in an unnecessary behaviour will put themselves and peers at risk of being hurt. Appropriate use of equipment – All students are to act sensible with the equipment that they use whilst participating in the drills. The equipment can cause injury if used incorrectly, and students who do not use it appropriately could also risk damaging it. Sup ervision of instructors/ teacher –Teachers and instructors (people running the activity) are responsible for the safety of all students participating in the activities. They are expected to supervise all performances so that any errors can be corrects and mistakes can be pointed out. It is a coach’s responsibility to teach their students the correct way to perform a skill in order to remain safe. The safety of the athlete is always the main priority. All of the above points should be followed throughout the whole presentation so that all students are safe and the chance of injury is decreased.